第95百分位人体头部有限元模型的构建及分析

为了获得人体头部的损伤机理,构建了研究所需的有限元计算模型,研究了人体头部生物力学响应.通过第95百分位中国人头部的CT扫描图像提取相关头部结构,利用三维医学建模软件和逆向工程软件进行几何模型的重构,借助有限元前处理软件构建具有较高生物仿真度的人体头部有限元模型.最后,使用有限元分析软件对模型进行仿真计算,仿真数据合理解释了头部损伤机理.     

模具沉积层应变的模拟

为分析沉积层应变的变化情况,并找出温度与形变的变化规律,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS计算并绘制不同时刻以及不同位置沉积层内的温度及应力应变曲线,在建立传热模型过程中考虑了金属液滴向沉积层的传热以及沉积层向系统外的热量散失等问题．采用在厚度方向以微小层逐层叠加来模拟涂层的增厚,并以此为基础构造沉积层有限元计算模型,应用单元生与死逐层激活层单元参与计算过程．实现移动边界以充分模拟真实的喷涂沉积过程．通过分析不同时刻以及不同位置沉积层内的应力应变曲线,获得了沉积层应力应变变化规律．结果表明,沉积层内存在残余塑性应变,且沉积层与母模接触部位等效应力最大,是最易翘曲的地方,验证了沉积层失稳的一般形式．     

2D FEM analysis for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-migratory processes in near field of hypothetical nuclear waste repository

In order to consider the influence of temperature and stress fields on the migration of radioactive nuclide with underground water movement, an elastoplastic model and a 2D FEM code for analysis of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes in saturated and unsaturated porous media were extended and improved through introducing the percolation and migration equation, so that the code can be used for solving the temperature field, flow field, stress field and nuclide concentration field simultaneously. The states of temperatures, pore pressures and nuclide concentrations in the near field of a hypothetical nuclear waste repository were investigated. The influence of the half life of the radioactive nuclide on the temporal change of nuclide concentration was analyzed considering the thermo-hydro-mechanical-migratory coupling. The results show that, at the boundary of the vitrified waste, the concentration of radioactive nuclide with a half life of 10 a falls after a period of rising, with the maximum value of 0.182 mol/m3 and the minimum value of 0.181 mol/m3 at the end of computation. For a half life of 1 000 a, the concentration of radioactive nuclide always increases with the increase of the time during the computation period; and the maximum value is 1.686 mol/m3 at the end of the computation. Therefore, under the condition of THM coupling, the concentration of radioactive nuclide with a shorter half life will decrease more quickly with water flow; but for the radioactive nuclide with a longer half life, its concentration will keep at a higher level for a longer time in the migration process.     

Deformation and failure study of surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in deep mines

In order to understand the change rules of stress-displacement in surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in deep mines and to obtain a theoretical basis for analyses of roadway stability and designs of support,we established a coupling equation of adjacent rock strength,mining stress and supporting resistance on the basis of an elastic-plastic theory of mechanics.We obtained an analytical solution for stress and displacement distribution of elastic and plastic regions in surrounding rock of dynamic pressure roadway..Based on this theory,we have analyzed the changes in stress-displacement in elastic and plastic regions of surrounding rocks of dynamic pressure roadways in the Haizi Coal Mine.The results show that:1) radial and tangential stress change violently within the first 4 m from the inner surface of a roadway after excavation;radial stress increases while tangential stress decreases within a range of about 6 m from the inner surface of the roadway as a function of q3;2) radial and tangential stress increase with an increase in the mining pressure coefficient k;the increase in the rate of tangential stress is greater than that of radial stress;3) the radial displacement of the inner surface of roadways decreases with an increase in q3,provided that k remains unchanged.     

Numerical simulation on the microstress and microstrain of low Si-Mn-Nb dual-phase steel

According to the stress-strain curves of single-phase martensite and single-phase ferrite steels,whose compositions are similar to those of martensite and ferrite in low Si-Mn-Nb dual-phase steel,the stress-strain curve of the low Si-Mn-Nb dual-phase steel was simulated using the finite element method(FEM).The simulated result was compared with the measured one and they fit closely with each other, which proves that the FE model is correct.Based on the FE model,the microstress and microstrain of the dual...     

Parameter fitting of constitutive model and FEM analysis of solder joint thermal cycle reliability for lead-free solder Sn-3.5Ag

The experimental tests of tensile for lead-free solder Sn-3.5Ag were performed for the general work temperatures range from 11 to 90 °C and strain rate range from 5×10⁻⁵ to 2×10⁻² s⁻¹, and its stress—strain curves were compared to those of solder Sn-37Pb. The parameters in Anand model for solder Sn-3.5Ag were fitted based on experimental data and nonlinear fitting method, and its validity was checked by means of experimental data. Furthermore, the Anand model was used in the FEM analysis to evaluate solder joint thermal cycle reliability. The results show that solder Sn-3.5Ag has a better creep resistance than solder Sn-37Pb. The maximum stress is located at the upper right corner of the outmost solder joint from the symmetric center, and thermal fatigue life is predicted to be 3.796×10⁴ cycles under the calculated conditions. Foundation item: Project(50376076) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

圆柱体棒弹塑性挠度问题的点松弛法

直接求解圆柱体棒弹塑性挠度问题的方程是很困难的,为此先将其转化成与之等价的变分不等式问题,接着运用点松弛法求解该变分问题,从而很好地解决了原问题.论文表明变分不等式在弹塑性挠度问题中有着广泛的应用.     

Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis of Complicated Structure with Bolted Joints

A contact bolt model is proposed as a new modeling technique to investigate the complex structure with bolted joints for modal analysis and compared with the coupled bolt model,and the test results are given.Among these models,the coupled bolt model provides the best accurate responses compared with the experimental results.The contact bolt model shows the best effectiveness and usefulness in view of operational time.The bolt models proposed in this study are adopted for a dynamic characteristic analysis of...     

压力容器接管区应力场有限元分析

针对压力容器接管区局部高应力高应变区的状态和裂纹的断裂规律特征,对多种孔径的异型板应力应变场应用弱协调元,建立单元间位移弱连续条件的协调有限元模型,不需要应力满足平衡条件,因此可以解决常规有限元难以适应的奇异性领域.本文分别就不带裂纹和带有裂纹的异型板进行应力分类数值分析,为压力容器接管部位的设计和裂纹疲劳扩展分析提供了可靠依据.     

汽车随机振动的建模与仿真

以整车九自由度模型为对象,用有限元思想将汽车振动结构离散。通过单元位移变换得到单元刚度阵和阻尼阵。按照单元位移在结构位移列阵中的位置组装汽车振动数学模型的系数矩阵。经过强迫位移约束处理,得到汽车振动数学模型。用有限元的思想求取振动响应量,应用虚拟激励理论实现汽车振动响应仿真。结果表明:建模与仿真相结合为复杂汽车随机振动分析提供了可行的方法。